Internet History Timeline
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Early research and development:
- 1961 (1961) – First packet-switching papers
- 1966 (1966) – Merit Network founded
- 1966 (1966) – ARPANET planning starts
- 1969 (1969) – ARPANET carries its first packets
- 1970 (1970) – Mark I network at NPL (UK)
- 1970 (1970) – Network Information Center (NIC)
- 1971 (1971) – Merit Network's packet-switched network operational
- 1971 (1971) – Tymnet packet-switched network
- 1972 (1972) – Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) established
- 1973 (1973) – CYCLADES network demonstrated
- 1974 (1974) – Telenet packet-switched network
- 1976 (1976) – X.25 protocol approved
- 1978 (1978) – Minitel introduced
- 1979 (1979) – Internet Activities Board (IAB)
- 1980 (1980) – USENET news using UUCP
- 1980 (1980) – Ethernet standard introduced
- 1981 (1981) – BITNET established
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Merging the networks and creating the Internet:
- 1981 (1981) – Computer Science Network (CSNET)
- 1982 (1982) – TCP/IP protocol suite formalized
- 1982 (1982) – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
- 1983 (1983) – Domain Name System (DNS)
- 1983 (1983) – MILNET split off from ARPANET
- 1985 (1985) – First .COM domain name registered
- 1986 (1986) – NSFNET with 56 kbit/s links
- 1986 (1986) – Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
- 1987 (1987) – UUNET founded
- 1988 (1988) – NSFNET upgraded to 1.5 Mbit/s (T1)
- 1988 (1988) – OSI Reference Model released
- 1988 (1988) – Morris worm
- 1989 (1989) – Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
- 1989 (1989) – PSINet founded, allows commercial traffic
- 1989 (1989) – Federal Internet Exchanges (FIXes)
- 1990 (1990) – GOSIP (without TCP/IP)
- 1990 (1990) – ARPANET decommissioned
- 1990 (1990) – Advanced Network and Services (ANS)
- 1990 (1990) – UUNET/Alternet allows commercial traffic
- 1990 (1990) – Archie search engine
- 1991 (1991) – Wide area information server (WAIS)
- 1991 (1991) – Gopher
- 1991 (1991) – Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX)
- 1991 (1991) – ANS CO+RE allows commercial traffic
- 1991 (1991) – World Wide Web (WWW)
- 1992 (1992) – NSFNET upgraded to 45 Mbit/s (T3)
- 1992 (1992) – Internet Society (ISOC) established
- 1993 (1993) – Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
- 1993 (1993) – InterNIC established
- 1993 (1993) – Mosaic web browser released
- 1994 (1994) – Full text web search engines
- 1994 (1994) – North American Network Operators' Group (NANOG) established
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Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet:
- 1995 (1995) – New Internet architecture with commercial ISPs connected at NAPs
- 1995 (1995) – NSFNET decommissioned
- 1995 (1995) – GOSIP updated to allow TCP/IP
- 1995 (1995) – very high-speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS)
- 1995 (1995) – IPv6 proposed
- 1998 (1998) – Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
- 1999 (1999) – IEEE 802.11b wireless networking
- 1999 (1999) – Internet2/Abilene Network
- 1999 (1999) – vBNS+ allows broader access
- 2000 (2000) – Dot-com bubble bursts
- 2001 (2001) – New top-level domain names activated
- 2001 (2001) – Code Red I, Code Red II, and Nimda worms
- 2003 (2003) – UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) phase I
- 2003 (2003) – National LambdaRail founded
- 2004 (2004) – UN Working Group on Internet Governance (WGIG)
- 2005 (2005) – UN WSIS phase II
- 2006 (2006) – First meeting of the Internet Governance Forum
- 2010 (2010) – First internationalized country code top-level domains registered
- 2012 (2012) – ICANN begins accepting applications for new generic top-level domain names
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Examples of popular Internet services:
- 1990 (1990) – IMDb Internet movie database
- 1995 (1995) – Amazon.com online retailer
- 1995 (1995) – eBay online auction and shopping
- 1995 (1995) – Craigslist classified advertisements
- 1996 (1996) – Hotmail free web-based e-mail
- 1997 (1997) – Babel Fish automatic translation
- 1998 (1998) – Google Search
- 1998 (1998) – Yahoo! Clubs (now Yahoo! Groups)
- 1998 (1998) – PayPal Internet payment system
- 1999 (1999) – Napster peer-to-peer file sharing
- 2001 (2001) – BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing
- 2001 (2001) – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- 2003 (2003) – LinkedIn business networking
- 2003 (2003) – Myspace social networking site
- 2003 (2003) – Skype Internet voice calls
- 2003 (2003) – iTunes Store
- 2003 (2003) – 4Chan Anonymous image-based bulletin board
- 2003 (2003) – The Pirate Bay, torrent file host
- 2004 (2004) – Facebook social networking site
- 2004 (2004) – Podcast media file series
- 2004 (2004) – Flickr image hosting
- 2005 (2005) – YouTube video sharing
- 2005 (2005) – Reddit link voting
- 2005 (2005) – Google Earth virtual globe
- 2006 (2006) – Twitter microblogging
- 2007 (2007) – WikiLeaks anonymous news and information leaks
- 2007 (2007) – Google Street View
- 2007 (2007) – Kindle, e-book reader and virtual bookshop
- 2008 (2008) – Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
- 2008 (2008) – Dropbox cloud-based file hosting
- 2008 (2008) – Encyclopedia of Life, a collaborative encyclopedia intended to document all living species
- 2008 (2008) – Spotify, a DRM-based music streaming service
- 2009 (2009) – Bing search engine
- 2009 (2009) – Google Docs, Web-based word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, form, and data storage service
- 2009 (2009) – Kickstarter, a threshold pledge system
- 2011 (2011) – Google+ social networking
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